What causes Achilles tendonitis?
The two most common causes of Achilles tendonitis are:
- Lack of flexibility
- Overpronation
As people age, tendons, like other tissues in the body, become less flexible, more rigid, and more susceptible to injury. Therefore, middle-age recreational athletes are most susceptible to Achilles tendonitis.
What are the symptoms of Achilles tendonitis?
The main complaint associated with Achilles tendonitis is pain over the back of the heel. This is the point where the tendon inserts on the heel bone. Patients with Achilles tendonitis usually experience the most significant pain after periods of inactivity. Therefore patients tend to experience pain after first walking in the morning and when getting up after sitting for long periods of time. Patients will also experience pain while participating in activities, such as when running or jumping. Achilles tendonitis pain associated with exercise is most significant when pushing off or jumping.
How is Achilles tendonitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis of Achilles tendonitis is accomplished by history and physical examination. The symptoms associated with this condition are typical and can be elicited by a thorough history. A physical examination is used to determine the location of the problem.
X-rays are usually normal in patients with Achilles tendonitis, but are performed to evaluate for other possible conditions. Occasionally a MRI is needed to evaluate a patient for tears within the tendon. If there is a thought of surgical treatment a MRI may be helpful for preoperative evaluation and planning.
